12-01-2012 17:50 Dr. H. Joachim Deeg, MD and Dr. Bart Scott, MD, of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, discuss bone marrow and stem cell transplantation for MDS, MPD and aplastic anemia. This talk is from "Current Management of Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Myeloproliferative Disorders, Aplastic Anemia, and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria," a conference for patients and their families that took place on June 19, 2010

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Drs. Joachim Deeg and Bart Scott discuss bone marrow and stem cell transplantation - Video

Posted: Monday, February 6, 2012 10:00 am | Updated: 11:50 am, Mon Feb 6, 2012.

Researchers at Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital have turned stem cells from amniotic fluid into cells that form blood vessels.

Their success offers hope that such stem cells may be used to grow tissue patches to repair infant hearts.

"We want to come up with technology to replace defective tissue with beating heart tissue made from stem cells sloughed off by the infant into the amniotic fluid," said Rice bioengineer Jeffrey Jacot, who led the study. "Our findings serve as proof of principle that stem cells from amniotic fluid have the potential to be used for such purposes."

The results were published online by the journal Tissue Engineering Part A. The research was conducted at Texas Children’s Hospital.

According to the American Heart Association, about 32,000 infants a year in the United States are born with congenital heart defects, 10,000 of which either result in death or require some sort of surgical intervention before they're a year old.

Jacot, an assistant professor of bioengineering based at Rice's BioScience Research Collaborative and of the Pediatric Cardiac Bioengineering Laboratory at the Congenital Heart Surgery Service at Texas Children’s Hospital, hopes to grow heart patches from the amniotic stem cells of a fetus diagnosed in the womb with a congenital heart defect. He said, because the cells would be a genetic match, there would be no risk of rejection.

"Between 60 and 80 percent of severe heart defects are caught by ultrasound," he said. "Ultimately, when a heart defect is diagnosed in utero, we will extract amniotic cells. By birth, we will have made tissue for the repair out of the infant's own cells. The timing is critical because the surgery needs to be done within weeks of the infant's birth."

Surgeons currently use such nonbiological materials as Dacron or Teflon, which do not contract or grow with the patient, or native pericardium, the membrane that surrounds the heart. Pericardium generally forms scar tissue and can only be used in the first operation. Both solutions require further operations and raise the risk of cardiac arrest, Jacot said.

Stem cells, the focus of both great hope and great controversy, are the cells in every organism that differentiate into specialized cells in the body. Stem cells drawn from human embryos are known to have great potential for treatment of defects and disease, but research into their use has been limited by political and other concerns, Jacot said.

That isn't the case with cells found in amniotic fluid, he said. Amniotic fluid is the liquid that protects and nourishes a fetus in the womb. Fluid is sometimes taken from pregnant women through amniocentesis, but cells for the Jacot lab's studies were drawn from women undergoing treatment for twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

"This is where two identical twins share a placenta and one is getting more blood than the other. It's not common," he said, noting that Texas Children's is one of the few hospitals that treat the syndrome. "Part of the general treatment is to remove fluid with the goal of saving both lives, and that fluid is usually discarded."

Jacot said other labs have tested amniotic fluid as a source of stem cells with promising results.

"Our work is based on five years of work from other labs in which they've discovered a very small population of amniotic stem cells – maybe one in every 10,000 – that naturally express markers characteristic of embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells."

Jacot and his team created a population of amniotic stem cells through a complex process that involved extracting cells via centrifugation and fluorescence-activated sorting. They sequestered cells with a surface receptor, c-kit, a marker associated with stem cells.

The cells were cultured in endothelial growth media to make them suitable for growing into a network of capillaries, Jacot said. When the cells were placed in a bio-scaffold, a framework used for tissue engineering, they did just that.

"Anything we make will need a blood supply," he said. "That's why the first cell type we looked for is one that can form blood vessels. We need to know we can get a capillary network throughout tissue that we can then connect to the infant's blood supply."

Jacot said the cells they tested grow very fast.

"We've done calculations to show that, with what we get from amniocentesis, we could more than grow an entire heart by birth," he said. "That would be really tough, but it gives us confidence that we will be able to quickly grow patches of tissue outside of the body that can then be sewn inside."

He said construction of a functional patch is some years away, but his lab is making progress. While embryonic cells have the most potential for such a project, amniotic cells already show signs of an ability to turn into heart muscle, he said.

Co-authors are graduate students Omar Benavides and Jennifer Petsche, both of Rice; and Kenneth Moise Jr. and Anthony Johnson, now professors at the Texas Center for Maternal and Fetal Treatment at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston with appointments at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital.

The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and CAREER programs, the Houston-Rice Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Med into Grad Program and the Virginia and L.E. Simmons Family Foundation.

(Submitted by Rice University; Posted by Emiy Moser, emoser@hcnonline.com)

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Rice University, Texas Children’s Hospital researchers makes strides towards fixing infants hearts

Q. What are human stem cells?

A. Stem cells are the blank slates of the body that are used as the building blocks for growth, repair and replacement. As blank slates, these cells can be triggered to develop into the specific types of cells that make up tissues.

There are two different kinds of stem cells, based on their development potential. One category is known as pluripotent stem cells, meaning they have the ability to develop into any type of tissue in the body. Pluripotent stem cells can be broken into two subcategories: those that are derived from human embryos, and those that are created from human skin cells, based on pioneering research conducted at McMaster University.

The second category are adult, or somatic, stem cells, which are found in the various organs and tissues of the body. These, too, are blank slates that can be triggered to differentiate, but they can only be transformed into the cell types that are specific to that particular tissue.

“When you talk about adult stem cells, they come in different flavours and they’re very specific in their role but they don’t have the broad potential that pluripotent stem cells have,” said Dr. Mick Bhatia, director of the McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute.

Q. Why are they considered important in medical research?

A. Somatic stem cells are important because not only can they be triggered to develop into specific cell types, they can also make copies of themselves, so there’s always a reservoir. Maintaining a fine-tuned balance is critical. “It’s analogous to an accelerator and a brake,” said Bhatia. “They have to know when to accelerate to produce new cells … and you have to know when to stop. So what are those signals and how they are orchestrated is part and parcel of understanding stem cells.” Understanding how stem cells work could help researchers better understand certain disease conditions, such as cancer.

But it’s also possible that stem cells can be used as treatments, to repair or replace damaged tissues. The trick is to trigger them to differentiate into the proper types of cells in the right places and getting them to work in harmony with the rest of the team. One advantage is that the body’s own cells are being used, so they won’t be rejected as foreign objects by the immune system.

Q. What types of conditions could potentially benefit from stem cell interventions?

A. Diabetes (replacement of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas), Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, spinal cord trauma, leukemia, strokes (replacement of damaged brain tissue) and other forms of cardiovascular disease.

“By understanding the stem cells, we at least have some potential to deal with these diseases,” said Bhatia. “Right now, we’re simply managing chronic disease. There are no cures.

“I think the hope with stem cells is really to fix or cure things.”

Q. Why has the issue of embryonic stem cells raised controversy, particularly in the U.S.?

A. Embryonic stem cells are derived from human embryos created through in vitro fertilization. However, the creation of a line of embryonic stem cells requires the destruction of the embryo. For religious, cultural or even philosophical reasons, some people believe human life begins when an egg is fertilized, so they believe the destruction of an embryo is equal to the destruction of a human life.

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Stem cell Q and A

The Hindu Prof. Shinya Yamanaka of Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, Japan, delivering a lecture in New Delhi on Friday. Photo: R.V.Moorthy

Renowned Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka, who achieved a major breakthrough in the emerging area of stem cell research by creating a possible alternative to embryonic stem cells in 2007, expressed confidence here on Friday that drugs would be available soon for diseases for which therapies are yet to be found.

Delivering a lecture on “New Era of Medicine with iPS Cells” organised jointly by Cell Press and TNQ Books and Journals, Prof. Yamanaka said the cells -- “induced pluripotent stem cells [iPS Cells]'' -- developed by him and his team would not only help overcome the ethical issues surrounding use of embryonic stem cells for treatment of diseases like spinal cord injuries, Type I diabetes or macular diseases but also help in development of drugs for conditions like motor neuron disease.

Embryonic stem cell therapy is considered important as it offers immense possibilities for treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions since the cells proliferaterapidly and are pluripotent or possess the capability to differentiate into any type of cell, said Prof. Yamanaka. But it suffers from a major ethical issue as it involves use of live human embryos, Prof. Yamanaka pointed out. He said if there was a post-transplant rejection, they cannot be used from the patient's own cell.The iPS cells, on the other hand, are created from adult skin cells and do not have these two problems, while at the same time they provide for rapid proliferation and the possibility to differentiate into any type of cell, he said. Prof. Yamanaka and his team generated iPS mouse cells in 2006 and followed up with iPS cells developed from human skin cells in 2007.

Speaking about the potentials of iPS cells, he said studies using the cells for treatment of spinal cord injuries have already shown good results in mouse and monkey specimens and in two to three years scientists would be ready to go in for clinical trials. He, however, admitted that there are several challenges before the new technology. Its safety is yet to be proved completely and the process of deriving patient-specific iPS cells is time-consuming and expensive.

He expressed hope that scientists who are working on itwould overcome the challenges and a new era in medical treatment would emerge soon.

Union Human Resource Development Minister Kapil Sibal, who introduced him, said his Ministry along with the Ministries of Health and Science & Technology would take steps for Indian scientists to collaborate with him.

TNQ Books and Journals Managing Director Mariam Ram and Cell Press Executive Editor Emilie Marcus also spoke.

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New era of medicine in the offing, says scientist

(SACRAMENTO, Calif.) - Experts from UC Davis Health System will share the latest research about regenerative medicine, with a focus on chronic pain and the promise of stem cell therapies, during a community forum on the university's Sacramento campus. The discussion takes place on Tuesday, Feb. 7, from 6- 7:30 p.m. at the UC Davis Education Building, 4610 X Street, in Sacramento.

The event features Jan Nolta, director of the UC Davis Institute for Regenerative Cures; Scott Fishman, chief of the UC Davis Division of Pain Medicine; and Kee Kim, chief of spinal neurosurgery at UC Davis Medical Center. The three specialists will discuss the challenges of treating chronic pain, especially back and neck pain, and the clinical research now under way to use stem cell therapies to overcome it.

The forum is free and open to the public. It is part of "Stem Cell Dialogues," UC Davis Health System's discussion series about regenerative medicine and the goal of turning stem cells into cures. Each speaker will provide a short presentation followed by a panel discussion and question and answer period. The event will be moderated by Fred Meyers, professor of medicine and pathology, and executive associate dean of UC Davis School of Medicine.

Seating is limited. Those interested in attending must reserve a seat by contacting Kate Rodrigues at 916-734-9404 or e-mail kathleen.rodrigues@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu. Doors open at 5:30 p.m.  Free parking will be available in Lots 12 and 14, just south of the Education Building, near 45th Street and 2nd Avenue.

UC Davis is playing a leading role in regenerative medicine, with nearly 150 scientists working on a variety of stem cell-related research projects at campus locations in both Davis and Sacramento. The UC Davis Institute for Regenerative Cures, a facility supported by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), opened in 2010 on the Sacramento campus. This $62 million facility is the university's hub for stem cell science. It includes Northern California's largest academic Good Manufacturing Practice laboratory, with state-of-the-art equipment and manufacturing rooms for cellular and gene therapies. UC Davis also has a Translational Human Embryonic Stem Cell Shared Research Facility in Davis and a collaborative partnership with the Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine at Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California. All of the programs and facilities complement the university's Clinical and Translational Science Center, and focus on turning stem cells into cures. For more information, visit http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/stemcellresearch.

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The promise of stem cell therapies forum

2 February 2012 Last updated at 08:31 ET

More than 100 police officers in Cornwall have signed up to become bone marrow donors.

Insp Dave Meredith, of Devon and Cornwall Police, had appealed to staff to register for the medical procedure.

So far, 110 officers in Cornwall have signed up to the register in three weeks, with a call to Devon officers due to follow.

Insp Meridith said: "I'm very impressed but I think this reflects on the goodwill of the officers and staff."

'Saving someone's life'

Insp Meredith said he decided to encourage registration after the donation method changed.

Continue reading the main story “Start Quote

The bigger the pool, the bigger the chance”

End Quote Karen Archer Anthony Nolan charity

Donors register by providing a sample of saliva, and then 80% of those asked to donate, do so by giving blood, from which their stem cells are retrieved.

Insp Meredith said: "In light of those changes I thought I've really got to take one step forward.

"People were a little apprehensive at first but once they thought about it and realised the implication and that they were potentially saving someone's life they readily agreed."

Simon Wilcock, an officer in Newquay who had Hodgkin's Lymphoma ten years ago, said: "I was on chemotherapy at the time and it had worked to a point.

"But it had got to the stage where without a transplant there's no doubt that in a few months I probably wouldn't have survived."

The appeal to the force was issued three weeks ago with the volunteers required to be aged between 18 and 40, although those on the register remain on it until they turn 60.

Karen Archer from the charity, Anthony Nolan, said: "It takes one person to save a life so if we've got 110 people joining the register then that's amazing news.

"People can be waiting years for that one right person to join the register, but there are 1000s of people waiting at any one time.

"The bigger the pool, the bigger the chance."

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Police officers offer bone marrow

01-02-2012 14:59 Sridhar Ramaswamy, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, discusses targeting dormant cancer cells and the possible role that they play in the development of drug resistance. Dormant cells appear in most patients with tumors. These cells are not rapidly proliferating and remain largely inactive. While these cells sleep, they are highly resistant to most types of therapy. Dormant cancer cells are intrinsically intriguing because the number of inherent mutations would denote that the cells should be rapidly proliferating. The mechanism that allows them to switch between dormant and active is yet unknown. The goal of the research is to discover the underlying cause of the dormancy, tumor progression, and the mechanism of resistance to various types of therapy.

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Dr. Ramaswamy on Targeting Dormant Cancer Cells - Video

Washington, Feb 1 (IANS) Scientists have successfully converted mouse skin cells directly into cells that become the three main parts of the nervous system, bypassing the stem cell stage, throwing up many new possibilities in the medical world.

This new study is a substantial advance over the previous paper in that it transforms the skin cells into neural precursor cells, as opposed to neurons.

While neural precursor cells can differentiate into neurons, they can also become the two other main cell types in the nervous system: astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.

The finding is an extension of a previous study by the same group from the Stanford University School of Medicine, showing that mouse and human skin cells can be turned into functional neurons or brain cells.

The multiple successes of the direct conversion method overrides the idea that pluripotency (the ability of stem cells to become nearly any cell) is necessary for a cell to transform from one type to another, the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reports.

"We are thrilled about the prospects for potential medical use of these cells," said Marius Wernig, study co-author and assistant professor of pathology and member, Stanford's Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, according to a Stanford statement.

Beside their greater versatility, the newly derived neural precursor cells offer another advantage over neurons because they can be cultivated in large numbers in the lab, a feature critical for their long-term usefulness in transplantation or drug screening.

"We've shown the cells can integrate into a mouse brain and produce a missing protein important for the conduction of electrical signal by the neurons," said Wernig, who co-authored the study with graduate student Ernesto Lujan.

-Indo-Asian News Service

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Some nerve! Now bypass stem cells

31-01-2012 13:32 James P. Watson, MD lecture sample from the 11th Clinical Applications for Age Management Medicine Conference, Fall 2011, Las Vegas, Nevada Pre-Conference Track 2: Regenerative and Cell Based Medicine This lecture focused on regenerative and cell-based medicine, Autologous Stem Cell Research. This field continues to grow in use by physicians across the world. From platelet rich plasma to culture expanded stem cells, the need for information about the applications of these therapies to treat patients has never been greater. This track will focus on the latest developments in cell-based medicine with speakers who are driving the research and using these technologies as part of their everyday practice of medicine. For more information about our upcoming conference visit our website http://www.agemed.org Or contact us at conference@agemed.org

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An Overview of Data Trends in Autologous Stem Cell Research and Clinical Use - James P. Watson, MD - Video

27-01-2012 21:30 TORONTO - Doctors have performed Ontario's first cardiac stem cell transplant using cells from the patient's own bone marrow.

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Cardiac Stem Cell Transplant - Video

04-02-2010 18:43 (October 6, 2009) Dr. Jill Helms, Associate Professor of Surgery at the Stanford School of Medicine, discusses developments in stem cell research and the future of regenerative medicine. Stanford Mini Med School is a series arranged and directed by Stanford's School of Medicine, and presented by the Stanford Continuing Studies program. Featuring more than thirty distinguished, faculty, scientists and physicians from Stanford's medical school, the series offers students a dynamic introduction to the world of human biology, health and disease, and the groundbreaking changes taking place in medical research and health care. Stanford University http://www.stanford.edu Stanford Continuing Studies http Stanford University Channel on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com

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Stem Cells

23-09-2010 09:10 9/22/10 A day to remember!

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Shelley's stem cell transplant! - Video

19-11-2011 21:51 Dr. An explains which stem cells he uses: Usually two different types of stem cells are used, bone marrow derived stem cells and umbilical cord derived stem cells.

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Stem cells used for medical treatment - Video

30-11-2011 11:56 Results after 4 months on Adult Stem Cell growth factors skin serum

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Looking Younger With Jeunesse - Video

26-11-2011 11:13 Stem cells are the body's repair cells. They have the ability to divide and differentiate into many different types of cells based on where they are needed throughout the body. Stem cells can divide and turn into tissues such as skin, fat, muscle, bone, cartilage, and nerve to name a few

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Medivet's Stem Cell Therapy Featured on Animal Planets Dogs 101 - Video

I recently had the life changing experience of becoming a bone marrow donor (more specifically, a peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donor. As I learned more about how many people need a transplant and how surprisingly easy the process was, I knew this was an issue I would become passionate about.

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My Personal Experience in Donating Bone Marrow/Stem cells. Be a Donor, Fight Leukemia- Bradford Pine - Video

CIRM has funded a $5.5 million Disease Team to develop a follow on clinical trial that uses a patient's own heart stem cells to regenerate scarred tissue damaged by a heart attack. The team is led by Eduardo Marban, MD, PhD, Director of the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute. Marban presented the team's latest progress at the December 8th, 2011 CIRM Governing Board meeting

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Stem Cell Clinical Trial for Heart Failure: Eduardo Marban - CIRM Spotlight on Disease - Video

In this video, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma survivor Betty Underwood shares the journey she took after she received her cancer diagnosis. She had a stem cell transplant at Geisinger Medical Center. Although there is a chance the cancer may return, she says she is living for the day.

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Bone marrow transplant success for Betty Underwood - Video

The 2011 World Stem Cell Summit (Genetics Policy Institute Project) took place in Pasadena from October 3rd to 5th. Over 2000 stakeholders from 25 nations gathered to share everything from cutting-edge research, to industry solutions and critical societal issues as they related to 2011's theme: Translational Regenerative Medicine.

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2011 World Stem Cell Summit Open Comments

Stem cell therapy done at neurogen brain and spine institute pvt ltd. http://www.neurogen.in Tell: +91 9920 200 400 , 022 25281610 , 022 25283706

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Stem Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury after Car Accident, Mumbai - Video